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沖壓模具畢業設計英文原文和漢語翻譯
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- 沖壓模具畢業設計英文原文和漢語翻譯
Heat Treatment of Die and Mould Oriented Concurrent Design
LI Xiong,ZHANG Hong-bing,RUAN Xue—yu,LUO Zhong—hua,ZHANG Yan
Abstract:
Many disadvantages exist in the traditional die design method which belongs to serial pattern. It is well known that heat treatment is highly important to the dies. A new idea of concurrent design for heat treatment process of die and mould was developed in order to overcome the existent shortcomings of heat treatment process. Heat treatment CAD/CAE was integrated with concurrent circumstance and the relevant model was built. These investigations can remarkably improve efficiency, reduce cost and ensure quality of R and D for products.
Key words:die design; heat treatment; mould
Traditional die and mould design,mainly by experience or semi—experience，is isolated from manufacturing process.Before the design is finalized，the scheme of die and mould is usually modified time and again，thus some disadvantages come into being,such as long development period,high cost and uncertain practical effect.Due to strong desires for precision,service life,development period and cost,modern die and mould should be designed and manufactured perfectly.Therefore more and more advanced technologies and innovations have been applied,for example,concurrent engineering,agile manufacturing virtual manufacturing,collaborative design,etc.
Heat treatment of die and mould is as important as design,manufacture and assembly because it has a vital effect on manufacture，assembly and service life．Design and manufacture of die and mould have progressed rapidly，but heat treatment lagged seriously behind them．As die and mould industry develops，heat treatment must ensure die and mould there are good state of manufacture，assembly and wear—resistant properties by request. Impertinent heat treatment can influence die and mould manufacturing such as over—hard and—soft and assembly．Traditionally the heat treatment process was made out according to the methods and properties brought forward by designer．This could make the designers of die and mould and heat treatment diverge from each other，for the designers of die and mould could not fully realize heat treatment process and materials properties，and contrarily the designers rarely understood the service environment and designing thought. These divergences will impact the progress of die and mould to a great extent. Accordingly，if the process design of heat treatment is considered in the early designing stage，the aims of shortening development period，reducing cost and stabilizing quality will be achieved and the sublimation of development pattern from serial to concurrent will be realized．
Concurrent engineering takes computer integration system as a carrier,at the very start subsequent each stage and factors have been considered such as manufacturing，heat treating，properties and so forth in order to avoid the error．The concurrent pattern has dismissed the defect of serial pattern,which bring about a revolution against serial pattern．
In the present work．the heat treatment was integrated into the concurrent circumstance of the die and mould development，and the systemic and profound research was performed．
1 Heat Treatment Under Concurrent Circumstance
The concurrent pattern differs ultimately from the serial pattern(see Fig．1).With regard to serial pattern，the designers mostly consider the structure and function of die and mould，yet hardly consider the consequent process，so that the former mistakes are easily spread backwards．Meanwhile，the design department rarely communicates with the assembling，cost accounting and sales departments．These problems certainly will influence the development progress of die and mould and the market foreground．Whereas in the concurrent pattern，the relations among departments are close，the related departments all take part in the development progress of die and mould and have close intercommunion with purchasers．This is propitious to elimination of the conflicts between departments，increase the efficiency and reduce the cost．
Heat treatment process in the concurrent circumstance is made out not after blueprint and workpiece taken but during die and mould designing．In this way，it is favorable to optimizing the heat treatment process and making full use of the potential of the materials．
2 Integration of Heat Treatment CAD／CAE for Die and Mould
It can be seen from Fig．2 that the process design and simulation of heat treatment are the core of integration frame．After information input via product design module and heat treatment process generated via heat treatment CAD and heat treatment CAE module will automatically divide the mesh for parts drawing，simulation temperature field microstructure analysis after heat—treatment and the defect of possible emerging (such as overheat,over burning)，and then the heat treatment process is judged if the optimization is made according to the result reappeared by stereoscopic vision technology．Moreover tool and clamping apparatus CAD and CAM are integrated into this system．
摘要：
在一系列方式中，傳統模具設計方法存在許多缺點。眾所周知,熱處理對模具起著非常重要的作用。為了克服模具熱處理工藝存在的缺點，一種新的模具熱處理工藝并行設計方法已經被開發出來了。熱處理CAD/CAE技術是集成了并行環境和有關模型而建立的。這些調查研究可以顯著提高效率，降低成本，并保證產品質量達到R和D級。
關鍵詞：模具設計；熱處理；模具
傳統模具設計主要是依照自身實踐經驗或依照部分實踐經驗，而不是制造工藝。在設計完成之前，模具方案通常要被一次又一次的改進，于是有些缺點便出現，例如開發時期長，成本高和實際效果不明顯。由于對精確性、使用壽命、開發期和費用的嚴格要求，先進的模具要求設計和制造得十分完善。因此越來越先進的技術和創新方法被應用其中，例如并行工程、敏捷制造業、虛擬制造業、協同合作設計等。
模具的熱處理與模具設計，制造和裝配同樣重要。因為它對模具的制造裝配和使用壽命又及其重要的影響。模具設計與制造發展十分迅速，但是熱處理發展卻嚴重滯后它們。隨著模具工業的發展，熱處理必須保證模具有良好的制造裝配和磨損耐熱性能。不切實際的熱處理將導致模具材料過硬或過軟，同時影響模具裝配性能。傳統的熱處理工藝是按照設計師提出的方法和特性制作出來的。這樣會使模具設計師和熱處理工藝師意見產生分歧，而模具設計師卻不能充分地了解熱處理工藝和材料的性能，相反熱處理工藝師卻很少了解模具的使用環境和設計思路。這些分歧將在很大程度上影響模具的發展。因此，如果把熱處理工藝設計放在設計階段之前，則縮短開發周期，減少花費和保證質量等目標將會被考慮，而且從串行到并行的發展模式也將會實現。
并行工程是以計算機集成系統作為載體，在開始以后，每個階段和因素都被看作如制造、熱處理、性能等等，以避免出現錯誤。并行模式已經摒除了串行模式的缺陷，由此帶來了一場對串行模式的革命。
在當前的工作中，熱處理被集成到了模具開發的并行環境中，同時也正在進行這種系統性和深入性的研究。
1.熱處理下的并行環境
并行模式與串行模式存在根本的不同（見圖1）。對于串行模式，設計者大多考慮的是模具的結構與功能，但很難考慮相關的工藝，以致前者的錯誤很容易蔓延到后面。與此同時，設計本門很少與裝配，預算會計和銷售部門溝通。這些問題當然會影響模具的開發進度和市場前景。然而在并行模式中，不但以上部門關系聯系密切，所有參加模具開發的部門都與買家有密切的交流。這有助于協調各部門消除矛盾，提高工作效率，同時降低成本。
(a)串行模式 （b）并行模式
圖1.基于摸具開發的串行工程與并行工程系統框架示意圖
并行環境下的熱處理工藝不是在方案和工件確定以后，而是在模具設計的時候制定出來的。這樣的話，將有利于優化熱處理工藝，充分利用材料。
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